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Grinding technology and advantages of abrasive belt
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- Time of issue:2021-11-16
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(Summary description)After nearly thirty years of development, belt grinding has now become a relatively complete and self-contained new processing technology. Because of its high processing efficiency, wide application range, strong adaptability,
Grinding technology and advantages of abrasive belt
Grinding technology and advantages of abrasive belt
Grinding technology and advantages of abrasive belt
(Summary description)After nearly thirty years of development, belt grinding has now become a relatively complete and self-contained new processing technology. Because of its high processing efficiency, wide application range, strong adaptability,
- Categories:Trade News
- Author:
- Origin:
- Time of issue:2021-11-16
- Views:0
After nearly thirty years of development, belt grinding has now become a relatively complete and self-contained new processing technology. Because of its high processing efficiency, wide application range, strong adaptability, low use cost, convenient operation, etc., it is favored by users. Abroad, abrasive belt grinding technology has made great progress, and its processing objects and application fields are becoming more extensive. It can process almost all engineering materials, from general daily life appliances to large aerospace appliances, and has been Become an important means to obtain significant economic benefits. As a processing technology, it has received increasing attention and rapid development because it has the following important characteristics:
1. Grinding performance
Abrasive belt grinding is a kind of elastic grinding, which is a compound processing technology with multiple functions of grinding, grinding and polishing.
2. Abrasive grains of abrasive belt
The abrasive grains on the abrasive belt have stronger cutting ability than the grinding wheel abrasive grains, so the grinding efficiency is very high. The high efficiency of abrasive belt grinding is manifested in its high removal rate, grinding ratio (the ratio of the weight of the removed workpiece to the weight of the abrasive wear) and the power utilization of the machine tool. At present, the known removal rate of abrasive belt grinding for steel has reached 700mm3/mm·s, even surpassing turning or milling. The grinding ratio of the abrasive belt greatly exceeds that of the grinding wheel, as high as 300:1, or even 400:1, while the grinding wheel is only 30:1. The power utilization rate of belt grinders has reached 80% in the early stage of the development of belt grinding, giving priority to other machine tools, but now it is as high as 96%. In contrast, grinding wheel grinders have only 52%, milling machines 57%, and lathes 65 %, so belt grinding is still a good energy-saving processing technology.
Three, cold grinding
Abrasive belts have high surface quality for grinding workpieces. This is not only because of its multiple functions of grinding, grinding and polishing, but also because: Compared with grinding wheel grinding, belt grinding is called "cold grinding", that is, the grinding temperature is low and the surface of the workpiece is not easy to appear Phenomenon such as burns.
Fourth, grinding vibration
The belt grinding system has low vibration and good stability. Due to the light weight of the belt itself, the balance state of the grinding process structure system is easy to control. All the rotating parts (such as contact wheels, driving wheels, tension wheels, etc.) wear very little, and there will be no dynamic imbalance like the grinding wheel. factor.
In addition, the elastic grinding effect of the abrasive belt can greatly reduce or absorb the vibration and impact generated during grinding. The grinding speed is stable, and the belt drive wheel will not be like a grinding wheel. The smaller the diameter, the slower the speed.
5. Roughness
The high surface quality of the abrasive belt grinding workpiece is mainly manifested in the small surface roughness value, good residual stress state, and no microscopic cracks or metallographic structure changes on the surface. From the perspective of surface roughness, abrasive belt grinding has reached Ra0.01mm at present, achieving the effect of mirror grinding, and it is very easy to achieve when the roughness value is above Ra0.1mm. The residual stress on the surface of the abrasive belt grinding workpiece is mostly in the state of compressive stress, and its value is generally -60~-5Kg/mm², while the grinding wheel grinding is mostly tensile stress, so the abrasive belt grinding is very helpful to strengthen the surface of the workpiece and improve Fatigue strength of the workpiece.
6. Grinding accuracy
Abrasive belt grinding precision is high. Due to the improvement of the quality of abrasive belt production and the production level of abrasive belt grinders, the higher accuracy has reached below 0.1mm.
Seven, grinding cost
The cost of belt grinding is low. This is mainly manifested in:
The belt grinding equipment is simple. Compared with the grinding wheel grinder, the belt grinder is much simpler. This is mainly because the belt is light in weight, the grinding force is small, the vibration during the grinding process is small, and the rigidity and strength requirements of the machine tool are far lower than the grinding wheel grinder. Abrasive belt grinding is easy to operate and has less auxiliary time. Whether it is manual or motorized belt grinding, the operation is very simple. From changing and adjusting the abrasive belt to clamping the workpiece to be processed, all of this can be completed in a short time.
The belt grinding ratio is large, the power utilization rate of the machine tool is high, and the cutting efficiency is high. This reduces the cost of tools and energy for cutting materials of the same weight or volume, and takes a short time.
8. Grinding safety
Abrasive belt grinding is very safe, with low noise and dust, easy to control, and good environmental benefits. Because the abrasive belt itself is very light, there is no danger of injury even if it breaks. Abrasive belt grinding is not as serious as the sand out of the grinding wheel, especially during dry grinding, the grinding debris is mainly the material of the workpiece to be processed, and it is easy to recover and control dust. Due to the rubber contact wheel, the abrasive belt grinding will not form a rigid impact on the workpiece like a grinding wheel, so the processing noise is very small, usually <70dB. It can be seen that from an environmental protection point of view, belt grinding is also very worthy of promotion.
The abrasive belt grinding process is flexible and adaptable. This manifests itself in:
Abrasive belt grinding can be conveniently used for the grinding of flat surfaces, inner and outer circles and complex curved surfaces. Designing an abrasive belt grinding head device as a functional part can be installed on a lathe for post-turning grinding, or it can be installed on a planer for use, and it can also be designed as a variety of special grinders.
The base material, abrasive, and adhesive of the abrasive belt have a wide range of choices, which can meet the needs of various purposes. There are also various specifications for the grain size, length and width of the abrasive belt, and various forms such as roll and ring are available for selection.
For the same kind of workpiece, belt grinding can be processed in various grinding methods and process structures.
Abrasive belt grinding has a wider range of applications. The superior grinding performance and flexible process characteristics of abrasive belts determine that it has a wider range of applications. From daily life to industrial production in all walks of life, abrasive belt grinding covers almost all fields. . Its diverse application forms and wide range are unmatched by any other processing method. Specifically: Abrasive belt grinding can grind almost all engineering materials. In addition to the materials that can be processed by the grinding wheel, it can also process non-ferrous metals such as copper and aluminum, and non-metallic soft materials such as wood, leather, and plastic. Especially the "cold state" grinding effect of belt grinding makes it more unique when processing heat-resistant and difficult-to-grind materials. Advantages of abrasive belt abrasive belt grinding can process workpieces of various shapes with high surface quality and precision requirements. Abrasive belt grinding can not only process common flat, inner and outer round surface workpieces, but also process large or special-shaped parts with higher surface quality and precision requirements with higher efficiency.
E.g:
Polishing and grinding of large-area plates. The width of the grinding wheel is only 1000mm, while the belt can be more than 2500mm. At present, the widest known belt grinder uses a belt width of 4900mm. In actual use, the common processing width of abrasive belt grinding is 50~2000mm, and the processing thickness is 0.4~150mm. Its productivity is as high as 1000m2/h. This wide belt grinding can be widely used on steel plates, stainless steel plates, silicon steel sheets, aluminum plates, copper plates, particle boards, plywood, medium density fiberboards, leather, insulating boards, ceramic boards, as well as aerospace appliances, ships and nuclear physics research devices Surface processing of various high-precision and low-roughness large plates.
Continuous polishing of metal strip or wire. Due to the development of wide belt grinding, thin strips have the same grinding conditions across the entire width, so that localized excessive force and stress deformation will not occur, so cold-rolled steel strips, copper, aluminum strips and others The surfaces of alloy strips are suitable for continuous polishing with abrasive belts. The processing width is 600~2100mm, the processing thickness is 0.1~2.2mm, the surface roughness value is Ra3.2~0.1mm, and the strip running speed is 3~80m/min. Planetary belt grinding provides a very effective and economical processing method for the polishing and grinding of coiled wire rods of stainless steel or other materials. The known wire polishing diameter is 0.8~20mm. The continuous operation speed is 6~150m/min.
Internal and external cylindrical polishing of workpieces with a large aspect ratio. In modern industry, it is very convenient to use the abrasive belt to process the outer circle of various large shaft workpieces with a large aspect ratio and the inner circle surface of tube workpieces. Generally, it can be realized by adding an abrasive belt grinding device to large standard equipment. For large batches, special abrasive belt grinders can be used. Such as large generator rotors, rolls, paper drying cylinders and other workpieces of the outer circle and cylinders, petroleum pipelines, pressure vessels and other workpieces of the inner circle surface processing.
Polishing of complex and special-shaped workpieces. Forming and grinding of curved workpieces is more difficult. However, the flexibility of the abrasive belt can be used to conveniently process various complex curved surfaces. The internal fillet with a radius of curvature of only 3mm can also be polished by the abrasive belt. Such as aircraft engine sheets, steam turbine blades, navigation blades, condenser lamp bowls, reflectors, tableware, handles, plumbing appliances, etc., can be polished with high efficiency and high quality using abrasive belts.
Abrasive belt grinding equipment has various forms and varieties. It can be performed on various general-purpose belt grinding equipment. The general-purpose belt grinding equipment includes portable belt grinding machines, universal belt grinding machines, and desktop belt grinding machines; the larger ones include external belt grinding machines, flat belt grinding machines, centerless belt grinding machines, and internal belt grinding machines, etc. Wait. The special belt grinders include camshaft belt profiling grinder, industrial tank sand belt polishing machine, automobile tire steel ring end surface sand belt polishing machine, motorcycle fuel tank sand belt polishing machine, and special stainless steel star basin hairliner Wait.
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